Prevalencia y factores psicológicos asociados con conducta suicida en adolescentes. Ensanut 2018-19

Abstract

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of suicidal behavior and its association with psychological factors in Mexican adolescents.

Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study based on the National Survey of Health and Nutrition (Ensanut 2018-19), with a sample of 17 995 adolescents (10-19 years). Adjusted logistic regression models were estimated, obtaining Odds Ratio (OR) and 95 confidence intervals (95CI).

Results: Prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in Mexico were 5.1 and 3.9, respectively; the high-est prevalence was in Guanajuato (ideation: 9.0, attempt: 7.8). Associated factors. Suicidal ideation: tobacco (OR 2.26; 95CI: 1.62-3.16), alcohol (OR 2.12; 95CI: 1.65-2.73), depressive symptoms (OR 6.04; 95CI: 4.71-7.73), sexual abuse (OR 6.57; 95CI: 4.57-9.45). Suicidal attempt: tobacco (OR 2.17; 95CI: 1.49-3.15), alcohol (OR 2.32; 95CI:1.77-3.03), depressive symptoms (OR 6.47; 95 CI: 4.91-8.51), sexual abuse (OR 6.76; 95CI: 4.60-9.96).

Conclusions: By increasing suicidal behavior in Mexican adolescents, it is necessary to implement preventive public policies that articulate mental health, addiction and violence programs.